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In 1611, the Flemish Jesuit missionary Nicolas Trigault reached Peking (Beijing), one year after the death of Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), the founder of the Jesuit mission in China. On his return to Rome, Trigault translated Ricci's memoirs into Latin…

Kircher was ordained a Jesuit in 1628 in Mainz, Germany, but fled his homeland and settled in Rome in 1634 to escape the Thirty Years War. He remained in Rome most of his life researching a wide variety of disciplines, from geography and astronomy to…